औद्योगिक रसायन

Here is a short specification for Calcium Chloride Calcium Chloride Short Specification Chemical Name Calcium Chloride Chemical Formula CaCl Molecular Weight Anhydrous 11098 gmol Dihydrate CaCl2HO 14701 gmol Hexahydrate CaCl6HO 21908 gmol Physical Properties Appearance White crystalline solid or pellets Solubility Highly soluble in water exothermic reaction Density anhydrous 215 gcm Melting Point anhydrous 772C Hygroscopic Absorbs moisture from air Applications Deicing and dust control On roads and construction sites Food industry E509 Firming agent preservative and flavor enhancer Water treatment Increases water hardness Industrial Concrete accelerator refrigeration brine desiccant Agriculture Source of calcium for soil conditioning Safety and Handling Irritant Can cause skin and eye irritation Storage Keep tightly sealed in a dry environment Exothermic when dissolving Handle with care during dilution

Heres a short specification for Acid Slurry Acid Slurry Short Specification Definition A suspension or mixture of fine solid acid particles dispersed in water or another liquid medium Often refers to sulfuric acid slurry or other acidic suspensions used in industrial processes Typical Properties Appearance Thick opaque liquid or semisolid slurry usually brownish or yellowish depending on the acid and solids present pH Strongly acidic pH 2 Solids Content Variable typically 2050 solids by weight Density Higher than water depending on solids concentration Common Acids Used Sulfuric acid hydrochloric acid or mixed acids Applications Industrial processes Used in ore processing metal leaching and chemical manufacturing Waste treatment Neutralizing alkaline wastes or as part of sludge processing Catalyst Sometimes used in acidic catalytic processes in slurry form Mining and metallurgy For acid leaching of minerals and metals Safety and Handling Corrosive and hazardous Causes severe burns and toxic fumes Requires specialized handling equipment Pumps storage tanks resistant to acid corrosion PPE Acidresistant gloves face shield protective clothing Storage In corrosionresistant containers with proper ventilation and spill containment

Here is a short specification for Hydrochloric Acid Hydrochloric Acid Short Specification Chemical Name Hydrochloric Acid Chemical Formula HCl aqueous solution Molecular Weight 3646 gmol Concentration typical 3037 HCl by weight in commercial grade Physical Properties Appearance Colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a pungent odor Density 37 119 gcm Boiling Point 37 110C Melting Point 2732C for 37 solution pH 1 strong acid Highly corrosive and fuming at high concentrations Applications Industrial cleaning and pickling of metals pH adjustment in water treatment Production of organic and inorganic compounds Food processing E507 limited and highly regulated use Oil well acidizing in the petroleum industry Laboratory reagent Safety and Handling Highly corrosive Causes severe burns to skin eyes and mucous membranes Toxic fumes Especially in confined spaces PPE required Gloves goggles acidresistant clothing Storage In corrosionresistant containers away from bases and oxidizers

Here is a short specification for Trisodium Phosphate TSP Trisodium Phosphate Short Specification Chemical Name Trisodium Phosphate Chemical Formula NaPO Molecular Weight 16394 gmol anhydrous Physical Properties Appearance White granular or crystalline powder Solubility Highly soluble in water pH 1 solution 115125 strongly alkaline Forms Available as anhydrous or dodecahydrate NaPO12HO Applications Cleaning agent Heavyduty degreaser and surface prep for painting Water treatment Softens water by binding calcium and magnesium Food industry regulated use Emulsifier buffer and thickening agent Industrial Boiler treatment ceramics detergents Safety and Handling Corrosive May cause skin and eye irritation Not safe for ingestion unless foodgrade Storage Keep in tightly sealed container dry and away from acids

EDTA Powder Short Specification Full Name Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid Chemical Formula CHNO Molecular Weight 29224 gmol acid form CAS Number 60004 Forms Available Pure acid EDTA Disodium salt NaEDTA Tetrasodium salt NaEDTA Physical Properties Appearance White odorless crystalline powder Solubility EDTA acid Slightly soluble in water Disodiumtetrasodium salts Freely soluble in water pH Acid form 23 1 solution Disodium salt 46 Stability Stable under normal conditions hygroscopic Applications Water treatment Chelates calcium magnesium and heavy metals Pharmaceuticals Preservative stabilizer and anticoagulant Cosmetics Personal Care Prevents metal ioninduced degradation Agriculture Micronutrient chelator eg FeEDTA ZnEDTA Industrial cleaning Metal descaling and surface cleaning Food industry Preservative E385 only certain forms limited use Safety and Handling Low toxicity but may cause eye skin or respiratory irritation Avoid inhalation of dust Storage Store in a dry tightly sealed container away from moisture and acids

Here is a short specification for Ammonium Chloride Ammonium Chloride Short Specification Chemical Name Ammonium Chloride Chemical Formula NHCl Molecular Weight 5349 gmol Physical Properties Appearance White crystalline powder Solubility Easily soluble in water slightly soluble in alcohol pH 5 solution 4555 acidic Melting Point 338C sublimes Odor Odorless or faint ammonialike smell Applications Fertilizers Nitrogen source Pharmaceuticals Expectorant and urinary acidifier Metalwork Soldering flux Batteries Electrolyte in dry cell batteries Food additive E510 Dough conditioner yeast nutrient regulated use Safety and Handling Irritant May cause eye skin and respiratory irritation Avoid inhalation of dust Storage In a cool dry place away from strong bases and oxidizers

Sodium Sulphide Short Specification Chemical Name Sodium Sulphide Chemical Formula NaS Molecular Weight 7804 gmol anhydrous Physical Properties Appearance Yellow to red solid flakes pellets or crystals Odor Strong rotten egg hydrogen sulfide smell Solubility Soluble in water alkaline solution generates heat pH aqueous solution Strongly alkaline 1112 Forms Commonly used as NaSxHO hydrate forms like nonahydrate Applications Leather industry Hair removal in tanning Pulp and paper Kraft process for lignin removal Ore flotation In mining as a flotation agent Textile industry Sulfur dyeing Water treatment Oxygen scavenger and heavy metal precipitant Safety and Handling Highly toxic Releases toxic HS gas when in contact with acids or moisture Corrosive Causes burns to skin eyes and respiratory tract Storage In a dry ventilated area away from acids and moisture PPE required Gloves goggles protective clothing proper ventilation

6 Industrial Applications Used in water treatment to adjust pH levels Helps control fungal growth in agriculture

Acid Thickener Short Specification Common Name Acid Thickener Chemical Type Cationic surfactantbased thickener Common Active Ingredients Quaternary ammonium compounds eg Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride aka CTAC Ethoxylated amines in some formulations Appearance Clear to pale yellow liquid Solubility Soluble in acids like HCl forms a gellike structure pH Range of Use Effective in strong acids eg HCl HSO Functional Properties Thickens strong acid solutions esp HCl for toilet bowl cleaners and descalers Improves cling and contact time on vertical surfaces Enhances cleaning efficiency and reduces acid runoff Provides mild corrosion inhibition in some cases Applications Toilet bowl cleaners Descalers for tiles ceramics and metals Industrial and household acidic cleaning formulations Safety and Handling Irritant Can cause skin and eye irritation Use with proper PPE when blending with acids Storage Store in a cool dry wellventilated place away from strong oxidizers Let me know if you need A formulation guide for acid cleaner using acid thickener MSDS

Heres a short specification for Magnesium Sulphate commonly known as Epsom salt Magnesium Sulphate Short Specification Chemical Name Magnesium Sulphate Formula MgSO xHO commonly heptahydrate MgSO7HO Molecular Weight Anhydrous 12037 gmol Heptahydrate 24647 gmol Physical Properties Appearance White crystalline powder or colorless crystals Solubility Soluble in water slightly soluble in alcohol pH 5 solution Around 5570 Density heptahydrate 168 gcm Melting Point heptahydrate Decomposes at 150C Applications Agriculture Fertilizer source of Mg and S Pharmaceuticals Laxative electrolyte replacement Food Industry Firming agent nutrient supplement Industrial Textile paper tanning water treatment Safety Generally safe in moderate doses Irritant in large quantities or with prolonged exposure Storage Store in a cool dry place away from moisture

Heres a short specification for SLS Powder Sodium Lauryl Sulfate SLS Powder Short Specification Chemical Name Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Abbreviation SLS Chemical Formula CHSONa Molecular Weight 28838 gmol Physical Properties Appearance White to offwhite freeflowing powder or flakes Solubility Highly soluble in water forming a foaming solution pH 1 solution Typically 89 alkaline Odor Slight characteristic odor Applications Personal care Detergent and foaming agent in shampoos toothpastes body washes Cleaning products Laundry detergents dishwashing liquids industrial cleaners Cosmetics Emulsifier and surfactant Pharmaceuticals Used in topical formulations Safety and Handling Irritant Can cause skin and eye irritation on prolonged exposure Avoid inhalation of dust Storage Keep in a dry cool place away from moisture and incompatible substances

Here is a short specification for Sodium Sulphide Sodium Sulphide Short Specification Chemical Name Sodium Sulphide Chemical Formula NaS Molecular Weight 7804 gmol anhydrous Physical Properties Appearance Yellow to red solid flakes pellets or crystals Odor Strong rotten egg hydrogen sulfide smell Solubility Soluble in water alkaline solution generates heat pH aqueous solution Strongly alkaline 1112 Forms Commonly used as NaSxHO hydrate forms like nonahydrate Applications Leather industry Hair removal in tanning Pulp and paper Kraft process for lignin removal Ore flotation In mining as a flotation agent Textile industry Sulfur dyeing Water treatment Oxygen scavenger and heavy metal precipitant Safety and Handling Highly toxic Releases toxic HS gas when in contact with acids or moisture Corrosive Causes burns to skin eyes and respiratory tract Storage In a dry ventilated area away from acids and moisture PPE required Gloves goggles protective clothing proper ventilation

Heres a short specification for Ammonium Sulphate Ammonium Sulphate Short Specification Chemical Name Ammonium Sulphate Chemical Formula NHSO Molecular Weight 13214 gmol Physical Properties Appearance White crystalline or granular solid Solubility Highly soluble in water Melting Point Decomposes above 280C Density 177 gcm Odor Odorless Applications Fertilizers Provides nitrogen and sulfur nutrients for plants Food Industry Food additive as dough conditioner E517 Industrial uses Flame retardants textile industry and water treatment Laboratory Protein precipitation in biochemistry Safety and Handling Nontoxic and noncorrosive but avoid inhalation of dust Storage Store in a cool dry wellventilated area away from moisture PPE Use dust masks if handling large quantities

Heres a short specification for Citric Acid Citric Acid Short Specification Chemical Name Citric Acid Anhydrous or Monohydrate Chemical Formula CHO Molecular Weight Anhydrous 19212 gmol Monohydrate 21014 gmol Physical Properties Appearance White crystalline powder or granules Solubility Highly soluble in water Melting Point Anhydrous 153C decomposes Monohydrate 100C loses water Odor Odorless Taste Sour acidic Applications Food Beverage Acidulant flavor enhancer preservative E330 Pharmaceuticals pH adjuster chelating agent Cosmetics pH adjuster and antioxidant Cleaning products Descaling agent and chelating agent Industrial Buffering agent and stabilizer Safety and Handling Generally recognized as safe GRAS for food use Low toxicity but may cause mild irritation if inhaled or contact with eyesskin Storage Keep in a dry cool wellventilated area away from moisture PPE Use gloves and dust mask when handling large quantities

Tetra Sodium Pyrophosphate TSPP also known as tetrasodium diphosphate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula NaPO Chemical Properties Molar mass 26590 gmol Appearance White crystalline powder or granules Solubility Soluble in water insoluble in alcohol pH 1 solution Alkaline around 1011 Uses 1 Food industry E number E450 Emulsifier buffering agent and thickening agent Common in processed meats seafood and dairy to retain moisture and improve texture 2 Detergents and Cleaners Water softener binds calcium and magnesium ions Enhances cleaning efficiency in soaps and detergents 3 Dental Products Prevents tartar buildup in toothpaste formulations 4 Ceramics and Water Treatment Acts as a dispersing agent Used in boiler water treatment to prevent scale formation Safety and Handling Generally recognized as safe GRAS by the FDA when used in limited amounts in food Overconsumption can lead to phosphate imbalance especially in individuals with kidney issues Irritant Can cause eye and skin irritation in concentrated form